RESUMO
Objetivo: realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura acerca dos procedimentos de preservação do rebordo alveolar. Material e métodos: foi realizada uma série de pesquisas nos seguintes bancos de dados eletrônicos: PubMed e Portal de Periódicos Capes. As pesquisas foram feitas, através de operadores booleanos, usando os seguintes descritores MeSH: alveolar preservation procedures; randomized clinical trial; e computer tomography. Também foram usados os seguintes filtros: títulos publicados até dez anos e estudo clínico controlado randomizado (ECCR). O critério de inclusão foi ECCR de PPRA que utilizaram exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). E os critérios de exclusão aplicados para a seleção dos artigos foram: revisões da literatura/revisões sistemáticas/revisões integrativas; estudos que não avaliaram PPRA; ensaios clínicos não controlados; e estudos que não usaram TCFC. Resultados: após a seleção e organização dos estudos, a amostra final foi composta por três artigos. Conclusão: dos 58 títulos encontrados, os três estudos selecionados para extração dos dados eram ECCR, com um total de 55 pacientes avaliados. Foram utilizadas diferentes técnicas de PPRA, e os resultados foram diferentes para a quantidade de preservação de rebordo. Porém, esse estudo concluiu que o uso da técnica de PPRA apresenta melhores resultados quando comparada à cicatrização espontânea. No entanto, é importante que os profissionais que realizam esses procedimentos estejam cientes das limitações inerentes à técnica, como imprecisões na aplicação, e possuam experiência para gerenciá-las. Pesquisas adicionais são necessárias para obter maior clareza sobre os resultados clínicos e a relação custo-benefício da utilização das diferentes técnicas de PPRA, ou seja, fatores cruciais na escolha da técnica.
Palavras-chave – Procedimentos de preservação do rebordo alveolar; Ensaio clínico controlado randomizado; Tomografia computadorizada; Revisão integrativa.
ABSTRACT
Objective: to make an integrative literature review about alveolar ridge preservation procedures. Material and methods: electronic searches were carry out in the following databases: PubMed and Capes. Searches were performed using the following MeSH descriptors: alveolar preservation procedures; randomized clinical trial; computer tomography, associated with the following boolean operator. The following filters were also used: titles published up to 10 years and randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT). The inclusion criterion was ARP RCTs that used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. And the exclusion criteria applied for the selection of articles: literature reviews/systematic reviews/integrative reviews; studies that did not assess ARP; uncontrolled clinical trials; and studies that did not use CBCT. Results: after selecting and organizing the studies, the final sample consisted of 3 articles. Conclusion: of the 58 titles found, the 3 studies selected for data extraction were RCTs, with a total of 55 patients evaluated. They used different ARPP techniques, and the results were different for the amount of ridge preservation. However, this study concludes that the use of the ARPP technique presents better results compared to spontaneous healing. However, it is important that professionals who perform these procedures are aware of the limitations inherent to the technique, such as inaccuracies in application, and have the experience to manage them.
Key words – Alveolar preservation procedures; Randomized clinical trial; Cone beam computer tomography; Literature review.
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